Study Guide:Low Visibility Procedures
For better using follow the steps below to prevend the dynamic update Cycle each month:
1. go to eAIP Austro Control:[1]
2. clck on "current version"
3. click on PART III AD
4. click on AD 2 and then on your prefered airport for example Vienna: LOWW
Bedeutung
LVP sind Verfahren, welche bei schlechter Sicht das Handling auf ATC-Seite eingrenzen. Der Wirkungsbereich dieser Verfahren erstreckt sich auf An- und Abflüge. Damit diese Verfahren aktiv werden können, müssen Flughafen und Flugzeug für die jeweilige CAT-Betriebsstufe freigegeben sein. Dabei ist der jeweilige tiefste Wert derjenige, welcher verwendet werden darf.
BEGRIFFE: RVR/CAT
RVR = Runway Visual Range (Landebahnsicht)
Die RVR wird pro Runway in den Abschnitten "Touchdown Zone", "Mid Point" und "Stop End" gemessen
| ILS-Typ | Minimale RVR | Decision Height (DH) |
| Kategorie 1 / Cat I | 550 Meter oder Visibility 800 Meter | 200ft |
| Kategorie 2 / Cat II | 300 Meter | 100ft |
| Kategorie 3a / Cat IIIa | 200 Meter | 100 - 0ft |
| Kategorie 3b / Cat IIIb | 75 - 50 Meter | 50 - 0ft |
| Kategorie 3c / Cat IIIc | keine RVR Begrenzung | nil |
Seit November 2020 wird LVP nur noch bei einer Unterschreitung der RVR aktiviert. [[2]]
Verfahren
LVP in der ATIS bekanntmachen (Uniatis-String „&lvp“)
LOW VISIBILITY PROCEDURES IN OPERATION
Landing Clearance
During LVP Landing Clearances should be given:
- Arriving A/C 2 NM Final
- In exceptional circumstances at 1 NM Final
"should" be given - this is not a requirement per se, but rather considered as guidance for the ATCO.
Arriving TFC Separation
Lower visibilities require enlarged separation minima depending on the actual condition:
- CAT II Radar Separation 4nm
- CAT III Radar Separation 6nm
- CAT III Departing TFC may only receive T/O clearance if next arriving TFC is at least 6nm out.
VORSICHT beim AT SimTest S2 gibt es eine Frage die genau dieses Thema behandelt und die Antwort unterscheidet sich leider von diesem Punkt. "Richtige" Antwort im ATSimTest ist: "only on request by ATC"
Im Allgemeinen wird bei solchen Sichtverhältnissen die Anflugrate drastisch reduziert.
Phraseology
As soon as the METAR indicates an RVR value e.g: R16/P1500N you are required to transmit this value
In real life the controller will be provided with 3 RVR values: Touchdown Zone, Mid-Point, Stop-end.
Takeoff Clearance
AUA94, RVR 550, 650, and 800 Meters, Wind 250 Degrees 6 Knots, RWY 29 Cleared to land.
RVR Above maximum measurable value (1500m)
R16/P1500N
RVR ABOVE 1500 Meters, RWY 16 Cleared for takeoff
The word Above is induced by the preceeding "P" which indicates an RVR value ABOVE 1500m. (It is not possible to measure an RVR greater than 1500m)
VATSIM vs. Real Life
As the VATSIM METAR only provides one RVR Value (Touchdown Zone RVR) you may choose to add the remaining two values at your discretion.
"AUA26, 250 deg 6 kts, RVR 550, 500 and 650 Meters RWY 16 Cleared to land.
It should be noted that only dictating value is indicated in the METAR string - It defines the Touchdown Zone RVR, and thus should be used as a reference when applying the above mentioned procedure.
The same applies to Takeoff Clearances:
"AUA25, 250 deg 6 kts, RVR 550, 500 and 650 Meters, RWY 29 cleared for takeoff"
Or:
"AUA25, 250 deg 6 kts, RVR above 1500 meters, RWY 29 cleared for takeoff"
Auch bei LOW VIS heißt es ganz normal ILS 29 und nicht cleared CAT II ILS 29
LVP Criteria Airports
LOWW Verfügbare CAT-3 Runways 16/29
LVP WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE WHEN: RVR FOR TOCHDOWNZONE (TDZ) LESS THAN 600 M AND/OR CEILING/VERTICAL VISIBILITY LESS THAN 200FT WILL BE ACTIVATED BY RTF OR ATIS
for more information refer to point 8: [3]
LOWL Verfügbare CAT-3 Runway 26.
LVP WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE WHEN: RVR FOR TOCHDOWNZONE (TDZ) LESS THAN 600 M AND/OR CEILING/VERTICAL VISIBILITY LESS THAN 200FT WILL BE ACTIVATED BY RTF OR ATIS
for more information refer to point 5: [4]
LOWK
Verfügbare CAT-2 Runway 28R CAT-3 requires ATC-authorization (MA-climb 4,7%)
LVP WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE WHEN: RVR FOR TOCHDOWNZONE (TDZ) LESS THAN 800 M AND/OR CEILING/VERTICAL VISIBILITY LESS THAN 300FT WILL BE ACTIVATED BY RTF OR ATIS ,,LOW VISIBILITY PROCEDURES IN OPERATION”
for more information refer to point 6: [5]
LOWI Verfügbare CAT-2 oder CAT-3 Runway: keine.
it didn't exist a defined rule for LVP, but you could use follow Minima:
- VFR minima: dem Luftraum (Cat. B) entsprechend
- IFR arrival minima: 3km (aircraft cat. A-B) and. 5km (Aircraft cat. C-D) flight visibility
- IFR departure minima: 1.500m,
- - except RNAV 0.3 RNP departure: RVR 300m.
- - except low fog or mist: RVR 600m AND visibility >5km above this layer AND no further clouds 3.100ft AGL
for more information refer to point 4: [6]
also check further information in the LOWI_Primer.
LOWG Verfügbare CAT-3 Runway 35C
LVP WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE WHEN: RVR FOR TOCHDOWNZONE (TDZ) LESS THAN 600 M AND/OR CEILING/VERTICAL VISIBILITY LESS THAN 200FT WILL BE ACTIVATED BY RTF OR ATIS
for more information refer to point 5: [7]
LOWS Verfügbare CAT-2 Runway 16
CAT-3 requires ATC-authorization (see special chart)
LVP WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE WHEN: RVR FOR TOCHDOWNZONE (TDZ) LESS THAN 1500 M AND/OR CEILING/VERTICAL VISIBILITY LESS THAN 700FT WILL BE ACTIVATED BY RTF OR ATIS
for more information refer to point 10: [8]