Difference between revisions of "Study Guide"

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Diese Seite dient der Entwicklung der Trainingsdokumente der FIR Wien.
+
Overview: [[Study Guide]] - Next: [[Study Guide:Basic Lesson]]
  
−
==Geplante Dokumente==
+
= About this page =
 +
This is the overview of all study documents for our trainees. From here, you will find the links to other relevant pages.
  
−
* Study Guide: Tower
+
= Overview =
−
* Study Guide: Radar
+
* In the [[ATC_academy]] you will find all steps into your ATC career at VACC Austria.
−
* Study Guide: Airport Details
 
  
−
==Study Guide: Tower==
+
= Study Guide =
−
===Introduction===
 
−
Tower is responsible for all movements on the runways as well as for all movements within the Control Zone (CTR): e.g. LOWW_TWR: 10NM radius, GND to 2500ft MSL).<br>
 
−
Tower is also responsible for Ground and Delivery operations if they are not online. Tower also decides which runways are in use.<br>
 
  
−
===Radio Communication - Basics===
+
The Study Guides are tutorial-like documents for the relevant steps in your training career. Study them step by step along with your trainings.
−
Because Communication is crucially important for Air Traffic Control a fixed format and syntax us used, in order to minimize the risk of misunderstandings and to keep messages short.
 
−
Worldwide English is the primary language in use, however in most countries you are also allowed to use the local language. In Austria VFR flights can choose their language whereas IFR flights are mostly conducted in English.
 
−
====Basic Rules====
 
−
In order to achieve the goals set above the following rules important:
 
−
*Listen before you talk
 
−
It's impossible for two radio stations to transmit on the same frequency at the same time. If this is done, the radio signal will be blocked and this will result in a nasty noise on the frequency. Therefore it's important that every station monitors the frequency for about 5 seconds before transmitting, to make sure there’s no ongoing radio traffic. If you hear an ongoing conversation, wait until the conversation is over before you begin to transmit. Don’t start your communication if there is a read-back expected on the last transmission even if there is a short pause.
 
  
−
*Think before you talk
+
*[[Study Guide:Intro]]
−
The radio traffic flow should be as smooth as possible. To achieve this it's vital to "think first" before transmitting so that a clear, concise and uninterrupted message can be sent.
+
*[[Study Guide:Basic Lesson]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Euroscope]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:OBS]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Delivery]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Ground]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Tower]]
 +
*[[Study Guide: Approach]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Radar]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Airport Details]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Low Visibility Procedures]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Special Procedures]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Flight Level Allocation Scheme]]
 +
*[[Study Guide:Flight Information Center]]
  
−
*As far as possible use standard phraseology and syntax
+
= Airport Primers =
−
To prevent misunderstandings and to maintain the radio traffic as effective as possible, stick to standardized phraseology and skip slang and of course private messages.
+
... are documents with procedures how to handle specific airports.
  
−
====Callsigns and Initial Contact====
+
*[[LOWI_Primer]] for Innsbruck
−
{| class="prettytable" style="float:right"
+
*[[LOWW_Primer]] for Vienna (under construction)
−
! Ziffer/<br />Buchstabe || Wort || Aussprache ([http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA IPA])
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| I || India || [ˈɪndiː.ˌə]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| J || Juliett || [ˈdʒuːliː.ˌɛt]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| K || Kilo || [ˈkiːloʊ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| L || Lima || [ˈliːmə]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| M || Mike || [maɪk]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| N || November || [noʊ.ˈvɛmˌbɝ]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| O || Oscar || [ˈɔːskə]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| P || Papa || [pɑ.ˈpɑ]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| Q || Quebec || [kɛ.ˈbɛk]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| R || Romeo || [ˈɹoʊmiː.ˌoʊ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| S || Sierra || [siː.ˈɛˌɹə]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| T || Tango || [ˈtæŋgoʊ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| U || Uniform || [ˈjuːniː.ˌfɔɹm]
 
−
|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
| V || Victor || [ˈvɪktə]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| W || Whiskey || [ˈwɪskiː]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| X || X-ray || [ˈɛksɹeɪ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| Y || Yankee || [ˈjæŋkiː]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| Z || Zulu || [ˈzuːluː]
 
−
|}
 
−
{| class="prettytable" style="float:right"
 
−
! Ziffer/<br />Buchstabe || Wort || Aussprache ([http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA IPA])
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 0 || Zero || [ˈziːɹoʊ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 1 || One || [wʌn]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 2 || Two || [tuː]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 3 || Three || [tɹiː]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 4 || Four || [foʊɝ] oder [fɑʊɝ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 5 || Five || [faɪf]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 6 || Six || [sɪks]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 7 || Seven || [ˈsɛvən]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 8 || Eight || [eɪt]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| 9 || Nine || [ˈnaɪnɝ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| A || Alfa || [ˈælfə]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| B || Bravo || [ˈbɹɑvoʊ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| C || Charlie || [ˈtʃɑɹliː]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| D || Delta || [ˈdɛltɑ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| E || Echo || [ˈɛkoʊ]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| F || Foxtrot || [ˈfɔːkstɹɔːt]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| G || Golf || [gɔːlf]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
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| H || Hotel || [hoʊ.ˈtɛl]
 
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|- style="text-align:center"
 
−
|}
 
  
−
Every participant on the network has his own Callsign. Controller Positions are identified by their location and their Function (e.g. Wien Radar, Graz Tower), Aircraft either by their Registration (e.g. OE-ALB) or an Airline Callsign followed by a combination of numbers and letters (e.g. AUA25LM, SWR387).
+
= Other related documents =
−
To pronounce these letters and digits the ICAO-Alphabet is used.
 
  
−
To initiate the contact between two stations an initial call has to be made. This call has the following structure:
+
* [[Squawk_Codes]]
−
*'''Station1:''' Station 2, Station 1, Message <br> '''Station 2:''' Station 1, Station 2, Message
+
* [[Airspace classes]]
−
*e.g.: Austrian 251 is calling Wien Tower: <br> '''AUA251:''' Wien Tower, Austrian 251, with you. <br> '''LOWW_TWR:''' Austrian 251, Wien Tower, Servus!
+
* [[Emergency procedures]]
−
In Subsequent calls the calling station part can be ommited. <br>
+
* [[Visibility ranges]]
−
When a controller (or aircraft) transmits a message to a station it is very important that the receiving station acknowledge the message and reads back any required parts.. If the receiving station does not acknowledge, the transmitted message is considered as a lost transmission and the sender should resend the message or check if the receiving station got the message.
+
* [[Radio Procedures for Controllers]]
−
Items that must always be read back in full are all clearances (including altitudes, heaings, speeds, radials etc), runway in use, altimeter setting (QNH or QFE) and transition level, and all frequencies. For a controller, this is extremely important to remember, since if a pilot's readback is incorrect, the controller has to ask for confirmation, i.e a new readback. There are also items that should not be read back to reduce unnesessary radio transmissions. In short, this includes everything not mentioned above, but a few examples are: wind, temperature and other weather information (except altimeter settings) and traffic information in detail.
+
* [[CPDLC Guide]]
−
When giving an instruction the Callsign is stated at the beginning, when reading back you usually add it at the end of your transmission (although you are allowed to do it at the beginning too). <br>
+
* [[Radar Identification]]
−
'''Examples:'''
 
−
*'''LOWW_APP:''' AUA251, turn left heading 290, descend to Altitude 5000 feet, QNH 1019. <br> '''AUA251:''' Turn left heading 290, descending to altitude 5000 feet QNH 1019, AUA251
 
−
*'''LOWW_GND:''' OE-DLT, taxi to Holding Point Runway 29 via taxiway Exit 12, M and A1, give way to Speedbird Airbus A320 crossing you right to left on M. <br> '''OE-DLT:''' Taxiing to H/P Rwy 29 via Exit 12, M and A1, giving way to Speedbird Airbus A320 on M, OE-DLT.
 
−
*'''LOWW_TWR:''' NLY2678, wind 330 degrees at 6 knots, Rwy 29, cleared for takeoff. <br> '''NLY2678:''' Rwy 29, cleared for takeoff, NLY2678.
 
−
 
 
−
===Aircraft and basic Flying Principles===
 
−
===METAR and TAF===
 
−
 
 
−
'''METAR'''<br>
 
−
The word '''METAR''' comes from the French phrase "message d’observation météorologique régulière pour l’aviation". It is thought to be a contraction of the French words '''MÉT'''éorologique ("Weather") '''A'''viation '''R'''égulière ("Routine").<br>
 
−
A METAR is a codified observation message indicating airfield weather conditions observed at a given time. Such a message is established every hour, even sometimes every 30 minutes or shorter due to fast and heavy weather changes which affects the traffic flow.<br><br>
 
−
Sample:<br>
 
−
LOWW 011220Z 33007KT 280V020 3000 R34/1500 +RASH FEW040 BKN058TCU 16/07 Q1014 RETS WS RWY34 34231091 BECMG -SHRA SCT030CB<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
''Detailed Explaination:''<br><br>
 
−
1.) Location Identifier: '''LOWW'''<br>
 
−
The four-letter ICAO code of the observing location.<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
2.) Day of Month/Zulu Time: '''011220Z'''<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
3.) Wind: '''33007KT'''<br>
 
−
Wind direction (true heading), rounded to the nearest ten degrees and always expressed as three digits. Direction can be given as VRB if wind direction is variable and wind speed is at most 3 knots.<br>
 
−
plus<br>
 
−
average wind speed of last 10 minutes in knots.<br>
 
−
or<br>
 
−
maximum gust wind speed in knots.<br>
 
−
If it is calm, the wind is given as 00000KT.<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
4.) Variable Wind Direction: '''280V020'''<br>
 
−
This field is used if the total variation of wind direction during the last 10 minutes is 60 degrees or more and wind speed is more than 3 knots. The direction extrema are given in clockwise order<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
5.) Horizontal Visibility: '''3000'''<br>
 
−
Usually, only the minimum visibility is reported. If the minimum is less than 1500m and the maximum is over 5000m, the maximum visibility and its direction are indicated by a second visibility group following the minimum visibility.<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
6.) RVR Runway Visual Range: '''R34/1500'''<br>
 
−
Runway designator and runway visibility in meters.<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
7.) Significant Weather: '''+RASH'''<br>
 
−
Intensity is expressed by: + = heavy, - = light, ''nothing'' = moderate<br>
 
−
Proximity is described by: VC = ViCinity (within 8km)<br>
 
−
  BC = Banc - fog bench
 
−
  BL = Blowing
 
−
  DR = Drifting
 
−
  FZ = Freezing
 
−
  MI = Mince - thin fog layer
 
−
  SH = Shower
 
−
  TS = Thunderstorm
 
−
  DZ = Drizzle
 
−
  GR = Grêle - hail (diameter > 5mm)
 
−
  GS = Grêsil - hail (diameter < 5mm)
 
−
  IC = Ice Crystal
 
−
  PE = Ice Pellets
 
−
  RA = Rain
 
−
  SG = Snow Grains
 
−
  SN = Snow
 
−
  BR = Brume - mist (vis 1000 to 3000m)
 
−
  DU = Dust
 
−
  FG = Fog (vis < 1000m)
 
−
  FU = Fumée - smoke (vis < 3000m)
 
−
  HZ = Haze
 
−
  SA = Sand
 
−
  VA = Vulcanic Ashes
 
−
  DS = Dust Storm
 
−
  FC = Funnel Clouds
 
−
  PO = Dust Spins
 
−
  SQ = Squall
 
−
  SS = Sand Storm
 
−
<br>
 
−
8.) Clouds and Ceiling: '''FEW040 BKN058TCU'''<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
Cloud coverage:<br>
 
−
  FEW = few - 1 to 2 octas
 
−
  SCT = scattered - 3 to 4 octas
 
−
  BKN = broken - 5 to 7 octas
 
−
  OVC = overcast - 8 octas
 
−
Cloud types:<br>
 
−
  CB = cumulunimbus
 
−
  TCU = towering cumuli or cumulus congestus
 
−
Also common:<br>
 
−
  SKC = Sky Clear (no clouds)
 
−
  OVC/// = clouds covering the sky and which base is below aerodrome level
 
−
  VV/// = sky not visible
 
−
  VV002 = vertical visibility is 200ft
 
−
  CAVOK = ceiling and visibility is OK (vis > 10km and SKC)
 
−
9.) Temperature and Dew Point: '''16/07'''<br>
 
−
The difference between temperature and dew pont is called "spread", the smaller the spread the higher the risk of precipitation.<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
10.) Pressure, QNH (altimeter setting): '''Q1014'''<br>
 
−
QNH = 1014 hPa (hectopascals - 1hPa = 1mb - millibar)<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
11.) Recent Weather: '''RETS'''<br>
 
−
Recent Thunderstorm<br>
 
−
Also:<br>
 
−
  RERA = recent rain
 
−
  RESN = recent snow
 
−
  NOSIG = no significant change
 
−
12.) Wind Shear: '''WS RWY34'''<br>
 
−
Also:<br>
 
−
  WS TKOF RWY 16 = windshear when taking of runway 16
 
−
  WS LDG RWY 34 = windshear when landing at runway 34
 
−
  WS ALL RWYS = windshear all runways
 
−
13.) Runway Status: '''34231091'''<br>
 
−
'''34''' = runway 34<br>
 
−
'''2''' = wet<br>
 
−
'''3''' = covering 26 to 50% of runway surface<br>
 
−
'''10''' = 10mm thick<br>
 
−
'''91''' = braking action poor<br><br>
 
−
Explaination:<br>
 
−
1st and 2nd figure = runway designator<br>
 
−
3rd figure = type of deposit on the runway<br>
 
−
  0 = runway clean and dry
 
−
  1 = damp
 
−
  2 = wet
 
−
  3 = frost
 
−
  4 = snow
 
−
  5 = wet snow
 
−
  6 = slush
 
−
  7 = ice
 
−
  8 = compacted snow
 
−
  9 = snow drift
 
−
  / = unknown, removal in progress
 
−
4th figure = percentage of runway contamination<br>
 
−
  1 = less than 10%
 
−
  2 = 11 to 25%
 
−
  3 = 26 to 50%
 
−
  4 = 51 to 100%
 
−
  / = unknown, removal in progress
 
−
5th and 6th figure = deposit thickness<br>
 
−
  01 to 90 = millimeters
 
−
  92 = 10cm
 
−
  93 = 15cm
 
−
  94 = 20cm
 
−
  95 = 25cm
 
−
  96 = 30cm
 
−
  97 = 35cm
 
−
  98 = 40cm
 
−
  99 = unknown
 
−
  // = unable to measure
 
−
7th and 8th figure = braking action<br>
 
−
  01 to 90 = coefficient 0.01 to 0.90
 
−
  or
 
−
  91 = poor
 
−
  92 = medium to poor
 
−
  93 = medium
 
−
  94 = medium to good
 
−
  95 = good
 
−
  99 = uncertain
 
−
  // = unknown
 
−
14.) Trend: '''BECMG -SHRA SCT030CB'''<br>
 
−
Consists of following keywords and other METAR components:<br>
 
−
  BECMG: becoming
 
−
  TEMPO: temporarily
 
−
  NOSIG: no significant change expected within 2 hours
 
−
  AT: at
 
−
  FM: from
 
−
  TL: until
 
−
15.) Remarks:<br>
 
−
RMK followed by METAR components and miscellaneous abbreviations.<br>
 
−
<br><br>
 
−
'''TAF''' Terminal Aerodrome Forecast<br>
 
−
METAR describes the current weather conditions, a TAF message
 
−
contains forecast information. Many of the elements are similar to
 
−
those used in METARs. An example of a TAF message:<br>
 
−
 
 
−
  LOWW 011400Z 011524 31008KT 9999 FEW040 BKN060 TX16/15Z TN10/24Z
 
−
    TEMPO 1521 32013KT -SHRA BKN045
 
−
    PROB30
 
−
    TEMPO 1520 31015G25KT 6000 SHRA BKN040 FEW045TCU
 
−
    BECMG 2324 CAVOK
 
−
The first two groups (LOWW 01140Z) are identical to METAR groups: location identifier and issuing day and time. The third group (011524) tells the period for which the forecast is given. The first two numbers denote day of month. The next four numbers give the validity hours. In this example, the forecast is valid from 15:00 to 24:00. After these code groups, a description of the forecast weather phenomena follows.<br>
 
−
 
 
−
===How is an Aerodrome Organized?===
 
−
===Working Delivery Positions===
 
−
====Flightplan Structure====
 
−
====Issuing Routing Clearances====
 
−
====Special Situations (High Traffic, Slots, ...)====
 
−
===Working Ground Positions===
 
−
====Taxi Instructions====
 
−
====Ground Traffic Management====
 
−
====Special Situations (High Traffic, Slots, ...)====
 
−
===Working Tower Positions===
 
−
====ATIS====
 
−
Bei der ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) handelt es sich um eine automatisch generierte Informationsdurchsage für den Flugverkehr an größeren Flughäfen. Sie wird auf einer eigenen Frequenz in einer Endlosschleife gesendet und soll die aktiven Funkstationen am Flughafen entlasten.<br>
 
−
Piloten, die unter IFR an- oder abfliegen, sind verpflichtet, vor dem Erstkontakt mit der zuständigen Flugverkehrskontrollstelle zunächst das ATIS abzuhören. Beim Erstkontakt nennt der Pilot den ATIS-Kennbuchbuchstaben, um dem Controller zu bestätigen, dass er die aktuelle Version abgehört hat.<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
'''Bestandteile einer ATIS Meldung:'''<br>
 
−
Name des Flughafens<br>
 
−
Laufender ATIS-Kennbuchstabe<br>
 
−
Zeit der Beobachtung des Flugplatzwetters<br>
 
−
Aktive Landebahn<br>
 
−
Übergangshöhe<br>
 
−
Windrichtung und -geschwindigkeit<br>
 
−
Flugsichten<br>
 
−
besondere Wetterlagen (z.B. Regen)<br>
 
−
Hauptwolkenuntergrenze<br>
 
−
Temperatur und Taupunkt<br>
 
−
QNH<br>
 
−
Änderungstrend<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
Die ATIS wird alle 30 Minuten oder bei signifikanten Wetteränderungen erneuert.<br>
 
−
 
 
−
====Determination of active Runways====
 
−
====Transition Altitude/Transition Level====
 
−
Die Transition Altitude (TA) beträgt in Wien immer 5000 ft.
 
−
Der Transition Level (TL) ergibt sich in Abhängigkeit zum aktuellen Luftdruck (QNH):<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
QNH      < 0977: TA + 3000 ft.<br>
 
−
QNH 0978 - 1013: TA + 2000 ft.<br>
 
−
QNH 1014 - 1050: TA + 1000 ft.<br>
 
−
QNH 1051 >    : TA = TL<br>
 
−
<br>
 
−
Zwischen der TA und dem TL befindet sich der Transition Layer, der einen Sicherheitsabstand von mindestens 1000 ft. zwischen dem "unteren Bereich" (Airport Elevation bis A5000 ft.) und dem "oberen Bereich" (Standard Luftdruck 1013 hPa bis Untergrenze TL) gewährleistet. Dadurch werden gefährliche Überschneidungen zwischen dem an- und abfliegenden Verkehr vermieden.<br>
 
−
 
 
−
====Runway Separation====
 
−
The runway utilization concept for LOWW is based on the fact that the airport layout with its crossing runways normally does *not allow simultaneous approaches* to both runways. Whenever possible, runways 11/29 and 16/34 will be used independently to allow departures on one runway (normally 16 or 29) while using the other runway for landing aircraft (independent runway configuration).<br><br>
 
−
Possible runway configurations are: ARR 11, DEP 16: SE winds, if no sim. apps possible* ARR 34, DEP 34: calm/NW winds ARR 16, DEP 29: calm/SW winds ARR 11/16 sim, DEP 16: calm/SE winds, if sim apps possible* * Simultaneous approaches to runways 11 and 16 are possible only at tower's discretion during certain weather conditions (visual reduction of separation). Aircrews are advised to show landing lights as soon as possible. In case of technical uncertainties during final approach that might possibly lead to a missed approach, aircrews are asked to inform ATC immediately.
 
−
 
 
−
====Departing Traffic====
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
====Arriving Traffic====
 
−
====Merging Departing and Arriving Traffic====
 
−
* Wake Turbulence Separation
 
−
* Conditional Clearances
 
−
 
 
−
===VFR Traffic - Differences===
 
−
====Information Positions====
 
−
===Special Situations (High Traffic, Slots, ...)===
 
−
 
 
−
==Study Guide: Radar==
 
−
===Responsibilitys===
 
−
===Airspace Structure===
 
−
===Radar Princples===
 
−
===Minimum Radar Seperation===
 
−
===MRVA, MSA===
 
−
===Structure of Flightplans and Routings===
 
−
====SIDs====
 
−
====STARs====
 
−
====Types of Instrument Approaches====
 
−
===Basic Vectoring===
 
−
===Seperation and Sequencing Techniques===
 
−
====Planning====
 
−
====Delay Vectoring====
 
−
====Speed Control====
 
−
====Holding====
 
−
====Coordination with adjacent Sectors====
 
−
===VFR Traffic===
 
−
====Flight Information Positions====
 
−
===Abnormal Situations - Emergencies, Radio Failures===
 
−
===Controlling CTR Positions===
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
==Study Guide: Airport Details==
 
−
===LOWW===
 
−
WIEN SCHWECHAT<br>
 
−
 
 
−
=== LOWL ===
 
−
==== Pisten ====
 
−
 
 
−
===== 09/27 =====
 
−
Beton mit 3 Kilometer Länge und 60 Meter Breite
 
−
 
 
−
Anflugverfahren
 
−
ILS
 
−
  - Richtung 27 bis CAT IIIb (109.30, Finalapproachtrack: 266°)
 
−
  - Richtung 09 nur CAT I (110.55, Finalapproachtrack: 086°)
 
−
VOR (LNZ, 116.600)
 
−
  - Primär Richtung 09 (Radial 086)
 
−
  - Mit Platzrundenanflug Richtung 27 (Radial 086, Wegbrechen nach Süden)
 
−
NDB (LNZ 327)
 
−
  - Primär Richtung 27 (Radial 266)
 
−
  - Mit Platzrundenanflug Richtung 09 (Radial 266, Wegbrechen nach Süden)
 
−
 
 
−
===== 09/27 Gras =====
 
−
Graspiste mit 660 Meter Länge und 45 Meter Breite. Gegenwärtig geschlossen (NOTAM B0257/08)
 
−
 
 
−
Anflugverfahren
 
−
Nur Sichtanflug!
 
−
 
 
−
==== ATC-Stationen in Linz ====
 
−
 
 
−
In Linz gibt es folgende zwei Stationen:<br>
 
−
* LOWL_TWR (Linz Turm) auf 118.800<br>
 
−
* LOWL_APP (Linz Radar) auf 129.620
 
−
 
 
−
==== SIDs ====
 
−
 
 
−
Folgende SIDs sind in Linz vorhanden (sortiert nach Himmelsrichtung und alphabetisch):
 
−
 
 
−
*Nord-Westen
 
−
**PABSA
 
−
*Norden
 
−
**ADLET
 
−
**FRE
 
−
*Osten
 
−
**MASUR
 
−
**STO
 
−
*Süd-Osten
 
−
**GAMLI
 
−
**GRZ
 
−
*Süden
 
−
**OGRUB
 
−
*Westen
 
−
**SBG
 
−
**SUBEN
 
−
 
 
−
==== Besonderheiten in Linz ====
 
−
 
 
−
* In Linz dürfen Platzrundenanflüge (Visualcirclings) nur in südliche Richtung gemacht werden!
 
−
* Der Bereich, welcher südlich der Piste 27-09 ist, ist militärisches Gelände!
 
−
* Für größere Flugzeugtypen stehen in Linz folgende Parkpositionen zur Verfügung:
 
−
** Position 13 bis zur Boeing 747-400
 
−
** Position 11 auch bis Boeing 747-400 (Wenn auf 11 und 13 B744 sind, kein Platz auf 12)
 
−
 
 
−
===LOWS===
 
−
SALZBURG MAXGLAN<br>
 
−
 
 
−
===LOWI===
 
−
INNSBRUCK KRANEBITTEN<br>
 
−
 
 
−
===LOWK===
 
−
KLAGENFURT ALPE ADRIA AIRPORT<br>
 
−
 
 
−
===LOWG===
 
−
GRAZ THALERHOF<br>
 
−
 
 
−
[[Category:Dokumentation]]
 

Latest revision as of 01:20, 26 March 2021

Overview: Study Guide - Next: Study Guide:Basic Lesson

About this page

This is the overview of all study documents for our trainees. From here, you will find the links to other relevant pages.

Overview

  • In the ATC_academy you will find all steps into your ATC career at VACC Austria.

Study Guide

The Study Guides are tutorial-like documents for the relevant steps in your training career. Study them step by step along with your trainings.

Airport Primers

... are documents with procedures how to handle specific airports.

Other related documents

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